What is Cutaneous Larva Migrans (CLM)?
Cutaneous Larva Migrans, commonly referred to as "creeping eruption," is a skin condition caused by the larvae of parasitic hookworms, typically Ancylostoma braziliense or Ancylostoma caninum. These larvae are often found in contaminated soil, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas. When humans come into contact with the infected soil—such as walking barefoot on contaminated beaches or parks—the larvae penetrate the skin and migrate beneath the surface, creating a characteristic winding, red, itchy track.
What are the Symptoms of CLM?
The symptoms of Cutaneous Larva Migrans usually appear within 1 to 2 days after exposure and may include:
- Red, raised, serpentine rash: A winding, often itchy, reddish track that moves across the skin.
- Intense itching or pruritus: The itching is a hallmark symptom and can be quite severe.
- Inflammation: The affected area may become swollen and inflamed.
- Pain or discomfort: As the larvae move through the skin, mild pain or a burning sensation may be felt.
In most cases, the larvae will remain in the superficial layers of the skin, and the condition resolves with proper treatment. However, if left untreated, the larvae may continue to migrate, causing more irritation.
How is CLM Diagnosed?
Diagnosing Cutaneous Larva Migrans is typically straightforward. At Aspen Dermatology, we perform a thorough physical examination to identify the characteristic serpentine rash. In some cases, a biopsy or skin scraping may be performed to confirm the presence of larvae, though this is rarely necessary.
Treatment Options for CLM
If you suspect that you have Cutaneous Larva Migrans, it's important to see a dermatologist as soon as possible for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Aspen Dermatology offers effective treatment options for CLM, which may include:
- Oral Anthelmintics (Anti-parasitic medications): The most common treatment involves oral medications such as Albendazole or Mebendazole, which kill the larvae and prevent further migration.
- Topical Steroids: These may be prescribed to reduce itching and inflammation in the affected area.
- Symptom Management: We can recommend antihistamines or other remedies to help alleviate itching and discomfort.
Most patients respond well to treatment, and symptoms typically improve within a few days. If you notice a worsening of symptoms or if the rash does not improve with initial treatment, be sure to consult your dermatologist for further guidance.
How Can You Prevent Cutaneous Larva Migrans?
Prevention is the best approach to avoid CLM. Here are some important tips to help reduce your risk of infection:
- Avoid walking barefoot in areas with contaminated soil, such as beaches, sandboxes, and parks, especially in tropical or subtropical regions.
- Wear shoes or sandals when walking on grass or sand, particularly in areas where CLM is more common.
- Ensure proper hygiene by thoroughly washing your hands after coming into contact with soil, sand, or animals.
- Be cautious around pets, particularly dogs and cats, which may carry hookworm larvae in their feces.
